The Rules Foreign Students Need to Know in the UK
For many international students in the UK, working while studying is a great way to earn extra income, gain valuable work experience, and integrate into the local culture. However, there are specific rules and restrictions set by the UK government that foreign students must follow to ensure they remain compliant with visa regulations. Here’s everything you need to know.
1. Who Can Work?
International students studying in the UK on a Student visa (formerly Tier 4 visa) are usually allowed to work, but the type and amount of work permitted depend on the course and the university’s sponsorship status.
2. Work Hour Restrictions
The number of hours a student can work varies based on their study level and visa conditions:
- Full-time degree students (Bachelor’s, Master’s, or PhD): Up to 20 hours per week during term time and full-time during official university holidays.
- Students on courses below degree level (such as foundation or diploma programs): Up to 10 hours per week during term time and full-time during holidays.
- Short-term students and those on visitor visas: Generally not allowed to work in the UK.
3. Types of Work Allowed
Students are permitted to take up part-time jobs, internships, and placements as long as they meet visa regulations. Acceptable jobs include:
- Retail positions
- Hospitality roles (cafés, restaurants, hotels)
- Administrative jobs
- Internships related to their field of study
4. Restricted Jobs
There are certain types of work that students cannot do while on a Student visa:
- Self-employment or freelance work
- Working as a professional sportsperson or coach
- Working as an entertainer (including acting or music performances)
- Taking up a full-time permanent position
5. National Minimum Wage
International students must be paid at least the National Minimum Wage set by the UK government. The rates as of 2025 are:
- Aged 18-20: £7.49 per hour
- Aged 21-22: £10.18 per hour
- Aged 23 and over: £11.44 per hour
6. National Insurance Number (NIN)
Students who wish to work in the UK need to apply for a National Insurance Number (NIN). This is required for tax and employment purposes. Applications can be made through the UK government’s website.
7. Balancing Work and Studies
While working can be beneficial, students must ensure that employment does not affect their academic performance. Overworking can lead to visa compliance issues and poor academic results.
8. Finding Jobs in the UK
Students can find part-time jobs through:
- University career services
- Job search websites like Indeed, Reed, and StudentJob UK
- Local businesses and retail stores
- Networking and referrals
9. Post-Study Work Opportunities
After graduation, students may apply for the Graduate Route visa, which allows them to stay and work in the UK for up to 2 years (or 3 years for PhD graduates) without a sponsor. This is an excellent opportunity to gain work experience before transitioning to a skilled worker visa.
Final Thoughts
Working while studying in the UK can be a great way to gain experience and support yourself financially. However, students must always check their visa conditions, follow employment rules, and prioritize their studies to make the most of their time in the UK.